
Reaction mechanisms describe the step-by-step process by which organic reactions take place. Understanding reaction mechanisms allows one to predict the outcome of reactions, including some that one may not have encountered before. There are literally thousands of different organic reactions yet chemists do not need to memorize every single one and their associated mechanism. This is because organic reactions are based on only a handful of basic mechanistic patterns. Many reactions involving seemingly different functional groups or bonding patterns may in fact take place by one common mechanistic pattern. Once one understands those few basic reaction patterns, they can be used in logical combinations to account for more complex reactions. Overall, this can greatly minimize the cognitive load associated with learning a large set of organic reactions, and reduce one's reliance on rote memorization.